A circumpolar gravest empirical mode for the Southern Ocean hydrography

Document Type

Article

Date of Original Version

2-15-2001

Abstract

Historical hydrographic data from the Southern Ocean are projected into a baroclinic stream function space, generating a three-dimensional gravest empirical mode (GEM) parameterized by pressure, geopotential height, and longitude. The low-dimensional GEM projection is intrinsically steady, vertically coherent, and equivalent barotropic. The GEM fields capture more than 97% of the total density and temperature variance in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current region. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union.

Publication Title, e.g., Journal

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans

Volume

106

Issue

C2

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