Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin for neonates with severe enteroviral infections with emphasis on the timing of administration
Document Type
Article
Date of Original Version
3-1-2015
Abstract
Background: The benefits of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy for severe neonatal enterovirus infections are still controversial. Object: To evaluate whether timing of IVIG administration might affect clinical outcomes of neonates with severe enteroviral infections. Study designs: We retrospectively analyzed 67 neonates with culture-confirmed severe enteroviral infection, defined as hepatitis with coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia. Clinical features, outcomes and the usage of IVIG therapy were collected and analyzed. IVIG administered within 3 days of illness onset was classified as early IVIG therapy. Results: Of the 67 cases, 38 (57%) were male, 27 (40%) were premature, 57 (85%) had disease onset within 7 days of life and all but 2 cases were caused by coxsackievirus B group. Ten infants (15%) had clinically evident myocarditis. 41 infants (61%) received IVIG therapy and 29 were early IVIG therapy. Fifteen infants (22%) eventually died, without IVIG therapy for 7 infants. The deceased had a significantly higher peak serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level than the survivors (3539 vs. 866. IU/L, p<. 0.01). The timing of IVIG therapy was highly correlated with the timing of peak AST level in patients with early IVIG therapy. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a higher nadir hemoglobin level (adjusted odds ratio 2.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.4-5.4), no concurrent myocarditis (42.6 [3.4-5289]) and early IVIG therapy (14.7 [1.3-163]) were independently associated with a favorable prognosis. Conclusions: In defined severe neonatal enterovirus infections, serum AST level correlated with the disease severity. Early IVIG therapy, if needed, may be beneficial for survival.
Publication Title, e.g., Journal
Journal of Clinical Virology
Volume
64
Citation/Publisher Attribution
Yen, Meng Hsiu, Yhu Chering Huang, Min Chi Chen, Ching Chuan Liu, Nan Chang Chiu, Reyin Lien, Luan Yin Chang, Cheng Hsun Chiu, Kuo Chien Tsao, and Tzou Yien Lin. "Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin for neonates with severe enteroviral infections with emphasis on the timing of administration." Journal of Clinical Virology 64, (2015): 92-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.01.013.