Surface phenomena of high energy Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn 1/3)O2/graphite cells at high temperature and high cutoff voltages
Document Type
Article
Date of Original Version
12-10-2014
Abstract
Layered Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 (NCM) materials have been investigated at high working potential and elevated temperature to correlate electrochemical performance with changes to the electrode interface. Graphite/NCM cells were cycled to either 4.2 or 4.5 V vs Li/Li+ at room temperature (25 °C) followed by moderately elevated temperature (55 °C). Cells cycled to 4.2 and 4.5 V have similar capacity retention, but the cells cycled to 4.5 V have poorer first cycle efficiency, efficiency upon cycling at 55 °C, and greater increases in cell resistance. Surface analyses indicate thicker surface films on the cathode after cycling to 4.5 V, compared to cycling at a lower voltage of 4.2 V. The thicker surface film on the cathode is the result of electrolyte oxidation to generate poly(ethylene carbonate) and lithium alkyl carbonates. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of three-electrode cells reveals that the cathode dominates the cell impedance and the cathode impedance is much greater for cells cycled to 4.5 V than cells cycled to 4.2 V. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Title, e.g., Journal
Journal of Power Sources
Volume
269
Citation/Publisher Attribution
Liu, Ting, Arnd Garsuch, Frederick Chesneau, and Brett L. Lucht. "Surface phenomena of high energy Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn 1/3)O2/graphite cells at high temperature and high cutoff voltages." Journal of Power Sources 269, (2014): 920-926. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.07.051.