Document Type
Article
Date of Original Version
2021
Department
Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Abstract
Influenza poses a huge threat to global public health. Influenza vaccines are the most effective and cost-effective means to control influenza. Current influenza vaccines mainly induce neutralizing antibodies against highly variable globular head of hemagglutinin and lack cross-protection. Vaccine adjuvants have been approved to enhance seasonal influenza vaccine efficacy in the elderly and spare influenza vaccine doses. Clinical studies found that MF59 and AS03-adjuvanted influenza vaccines could induce cross-protective immunity against non-vaccine viral strains. In addition to MF59 and AS03 adjuvants, experimental adjuvants, such as Toll-like receptor agonists, saponin-based adjuvants, cholera toxin and heat-labile enterotoxin-based mucosal adjuvants, and physical adjuvants, are also able to broaden influenza vaccine-induced immune responses against non-vaccine strains. This review focuses on introducing the various types of adjuvants capable of assisting current influenza vaccines to induce cross-protective immunity in preclinical and clinical studies. Mechanisms of licensed MF59 and AS03 adjuvants to induce cross-protective immunity are also introduced. Vaccine adjuvants hold a great promise to adjuvant influenza vaccines to induce cross-protective immunity.
Citation/Publisher Attribution
Li, Z., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., & Chen, X. (2021). Adjuvantation of Influenza Vaccines to Induce Cross-Protective Immunity. Vaccines, 9(2), 75. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9020075
Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9020075
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.