Document Type

Article

Date of Original Version

2008

Department

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Abstract

Carboxylesterases play important roles in the metabolism of xenobiotics and detoxication of insecticides. Without exception, all mammalian species studied express multiple forms of carboxylesterases. Several rat carboxylesterases are well-characterized including hydrolase A, B and S, and the expression of these enzymes is significantly suppressed by glucocorticoid dexamethasone. In this study, we used multiple experimental systems and presented a molecular mechanism for the suppression. Rats receiving one or more daily injections of dexamethasone consistently expressed lower HA, HB and HS. The suppression occurred at the levels of mRNA, protein and hydrolytic activity. In hepatoma cell line H4-II-E-C3, nanomolar dexamethasone caused significant decreases in HA, HB and HS mRNA, and the decreases were abolished by antiglucocorticoid RU486. Additionally, dexamethasone at nanomolar concentrations repressed the promoters of carboxylesterases, and the repression was reduced by glucocorticoid receptor-β, a dominant negative regulator of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In contrast, co-transfection of the pregnane X receptor (PXR) increased the reporter activities, but the increase occurred only at micromolar concentrations of dexamethasone. These findings establish that both GR and PXR are involved in the regulated expression of rat carboxylesterases by dexamethasone but their involvement depends on the concentrations.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

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