Document Type

Article

Date of Original Version

9-11-2026

Abstract

This study presents a meta-analysis of sampling rates for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) measured with microporous polyethylene tube (MPT) passive samplers, integra- tive tools used for monitoring pollutants in aquatic environments. Data from five independent field campaigns spanning groundwater, freshwater, and saltwater environments were compiled to recalculate sampling rates and evaluate the statistical influence of temperature, ambient PFAS concentrations, and deployment duration on MPT performance. A theoretical model describing PFAS transport through MPTs was refined and predicts sampling rates based solely on molecular weight, carbon number, and molar volume. The model incorporates radial diffusion in cylindrical coordinates and shows improved agreement with field observations. Average MPT sampling rates ranged from· 0.4 1.0 mL day cm in groundwater wells, consistent with the strong influence of the water boundary layer in low-flow regimes. Surface freshwater deployments exhibited higher sampling rates·( )2.7 7.2 mL day cm , whereas saltwater deployments showed reduced uptake·( )1.0 3.6 mL day cm , attributable to slowed diffusion in saline environments. Comparison of sampling rates derived from the compiled data, the theoretical model, and three additional reference studies yielded coefficients of variation of 29−74%

Publication Title, e.g., Journal

ACS ES&T Water

Volume

6

Issue

9

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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